Antioxidant Potential and Phenolic Acid Profiles in Triticale Grain under Integrated and Conventional Cropping Systems

Cereals are a valuable source of biologically active compounds. Phenolic compounds, which the phenolic acids (PA) found in cereal grains constitute significant proportion, characterized by health-promoting properties largely due to their antioxidant capacity. PA, located mainly outer parts grain, play an important role preventing environmental stresses. Triticale is species increasing economic value, and also value for human consumption. The aim this study was demonstrate effect conventional (CONV) integrated (INTEG) cropping systems on activity content selected PA triticale cultivars (Meloman, Panteon, Belcanto) grain. experiment conducted seasons from 2019/2020 2021/2022. Among tested, ferulic acid (FER) had highest contribution total (TPAs), with 519, 99, 1115 μg g−1 whole flour, bran, respectively. unfavorable hydrothermal conditions occurring (rainfall deficit) increased TPA, Grain cv. Meloman bran Belcanto lowest, differences 22.7, 18.2, 15.7% Cultivation under CONV vs. INTEG system resulted reduced amounts TPAs flour PA: p-hydroxybenzoic (p-HB) syringic (SYR) grain sinapic (SIN) bran. caused decrease (AOA) In most cases analyzed, were lowest flour. high presence indicates that cereal, especially when grown system, can be destined consumption provide antioxidants various food nutraceutical purposes.